edit_summary: /* Sailor Moon */
text: {{Charabox|chara_name=Usagi Tsukino
  |image_filename=Smoon.png
  |image_description_1=Usagi Tsukino as Sailor Moon
  |image_description_2=Usagi Tsukino as Sailor Moon
  |birthday=June 30<br>(age 14 in the 1st-4th season 16 in the 5th season)
  |astrosign=Cancer
  |bloodtype=O
  |family=[[Ikuko Tsukino]] (mother)<BR>[[Kenji Tsukino]] (father)<BR>[[Shingo Tsukino]] (brother) <BR> [[Queen Serenity]] <BR> (mother in the [[Moon Kingdom]])<BR>[[Mamoru Chiba]] (husband)<BR>[[Chibi-Usa]] (daughter)
  |hobbies=Sleeping, reading comics, playing video games, eating
  |sports=None
  |color=Pink, and white
  |class=Home economics
  |noclass=English, math
  |food=Ice cream, cake
  |nofood=Carrots
  |place=Château de Versailles
  |fortune=Usagi and Naru go to a<BR>fortune-telling house
  |habit=Brown-nosing
  |skill=Blackmailing,
  persuades people by crying
  |likes=White rabbits
  |dislikes=Dentists, ghosts
  |dream= Becoming a bride
  |motto= In the name of the moon i shall punish you!
  |stone=[[wikipedia:Diamond|Diamond]]
  |titles=Sailor Moon,<BR>Princess Serenity,<BR>Neo-Queen Serenity }}
  
  {{nihongo|'''Sailor Moon'''|セーラームーン|Sērā Mūn}} is a [[fictional character]] in the ''[[Sailor Moon]]'' [[metaseries]] and the main [[protagonist]] of the franchise, as well as its [[Title role#Title character|title character]]. Her [[Personal name|civilian name]] is {{nihongo|'''Usagi Tsukino'''|月野 うさぎ|Tsukino Usagi|  — '''Serena Tsukino''' in the [[Sailor Moon (English adaptations)|English-language versions]]}}. A carefree schoolgirl, she can transform herself into the ''[[de facto]]'' leader of the series' primary heroines, the [[Sailor Senshi]].
  
  Due to the series' widespread popularity in many countries and to her distinctive and oft-copied ''[[bun (hairstyle)|odango]]'' hairstyle, she has become one of the most immediately recognizable and iconic [[anime]] characters worldwide. She is the only character to appear in all 200 episodes of the anime, and is present in all 52 acts of the [[manga]] as well as all 51 acts of the [[Pretty Guardian Sailor Moon|live-action series]].
  
  Serena, Usagi's [[given name]] in the English-language versions of the series, derives from "Serenity", the name Usagi went by in [[#Princess Serenity|her past life]]. In the English manga she is mostly called by the nickname '''Bunny''', which is the literal meaning of ''usagi''. Her boyfriend for most of the series, [[Tuxedo Mask|Mamoru Chiba]], calls her by the affectionate [[nickname]] "Usako" (which is a [[diminutive]], the suffix ''-ko'' meaning "child").
  
  ==Profile==
  The metaseries introduces Usagi Tsukino as a [[wikipedia:schoolgirl|schoolgirl]] living in 20th-century [[wikipedia:Tokyo|Tokyo]]. She is initially depicted as a well-intentioned but underachieving crybaby who prefers the life of a normal teenage Earth girl. Nevertheless, she continues to fight the evils of her [[wikipedia:Reincarnation|past life]] and protects the Earth with the [[Silver Crystal]], as the Champion of Justice, Sailor Moon, which provides for most of the conflict within both the manga and the anime. 
  
  Her journey begins when, while running to school, she sees some neighborhood kids abusing a cat and rescues it (in the manga she accidentally steps on the cat). Later, the cat comes into her room and reveals herself as a talking cat named [[Luna]], who serves as the [[wikipedia:Wise old man|mentor]] for the Sailor Moon. [[Luna]] gives Usagi a magical brooch which helps her transform into Sailor Moon (the "soldier for love and justice"), and tells her that she is a Soldier who must fight for peace. She also tells her that she must find the rest of the Soldiers, as well as their princess. Though at first Usagi is portrayed as a "reluctant heroine"<ref>Grigsby considers this reluctance to "substantially undermine the [[Agency (philosophy)|agency]] of the character", p.72 ; but [[wikipedia:Anne Allison|Anne Allison]] considers this to be one of the three key attributes of the series' appeal {{cite journal
   | last = Allison
   | first = Anne
   | title = A Challenge to Hollywood? Japanese Character Goods Hit the US
   | journal = Japanese Studies
   | volume=20
   | issue = 1
   | pages = 67–88
   | publisher = Routledge
   | date = 2000
   | doi = 10.1080/10371390050009075
   }}</ref>
  (in the anime she often is rescued by [[Tuxedo Mask]]) as time goes on her character grows more confident and mature. However, she still has her crybaby moments late into the metaseries.
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
   
  
  [[Image:Usagi Manga.jpg|left|thumbnail|Usagi in her school uniform, as drawn by [[wikipedia:Naoko Takeuchi|Naoko Takeuchi]]. Takeuchi consistently portrays Usagi as a lazy daydreamer, but one with an enormous heart.]]
  
  Usagi lives in [[wikipedia:Azabu|Azabu]] Jūban (a real district of Tokyo) with her mother Ikuko Tsukino, her father Kenji Tsukino, and her brother [[List of minor Sailor Moon characters#Shingo|Shingo Tsukino]]. Usagi's family take their names from the real family members of the metaseries' creator, [[Naoko Takeuchi]].<ref>{{cite book |last= Takeuchi |first= Naoko | title= Bishoujo Senshi Sailor Moon Volume 4 |chapter= Act 15 |publisher= [[Kodansha]] |date= July 6, 1993, March 5, 1995 |isbn= 4-06-178753-5 }}</ref> Out of the Sailor Senshi, only Usagi and [[Sailor Venus|Minako Aino]] live in conventional [[wikipedia:nuclear family|nuclear families]]. Usagi is also the only one known to have a sibling.
  
  Usagi does not perform well at school, and often seems unintelligent (especially in the anime), though the storyline generally attributes this to naïveté and laziness rather than to actual stupidity. This is because she spends her time eating, playing [[wikipedia:video game|video games]] and reading [[wikipedia:manga|comics]] (including ''[[RunRun]]'', which published the ''Sailor V'' manga in real life) rather than studying.{{Citation needed|date=January 2009}} She is often portrayed as a character that is better at art than science, as with her inability to answer that apples fall from trees because of [[gravitation|gravity]].<ref>Episode 8.</ref>
  
  Usagi has a boyfriend named [[Tuxedo Mask|Mamoru Chiba]]. Mamoru and Usagi's relationship forms an important part of Usagi's [[personal life|life]], as well as of the series. The love they share helps Usagi make it through many challenges. Mamoru becomes Usagi's boyfriend after many trials, and they date for a long time during the series. Mamoru eventually proposes to Usagi, and they ultimately get married.
  
  A number of connecting episodes at the end of the first series reveal one of the biggest secrets about Sailor Moon and she realizes that she is Princess Serenity (the "[[crown princess]]" of the [[wikipedia:Silver Millennium|Silver Millennium]]) reborn. In the second series, Usagi learns that she will give birth to a daughter ([[Chibi-usa]]) by her boyfriend and future husband. Usagi will also become a "sovereign of the Earth", known as Neo-Queen Serenity, by the 30th century.
  
  The series shows how Usagi loves sweet foods and how easily they distract her. She loves [[wikipedia:cake|cake]] so much that it is listed as her hobby in the manga, and her favorite subject is listed as [[wikipedia:Family and consumer science|Home Economics]]. She is also said to dislike [[wikipedia:carrot|carrots]] (although she eats them in the anime), and is terrible at both English and [[wikipedia:mathematics|mathematics]]. In addition to being a genuine friend, Usagi is extremely good at brown nosing when it's needed and, of course, crying to get what she wants. She is [[wikipedia:Dental phobia|afraid of dentists]] and [[wikipedia:ghost|ghosts]], and her greatest dream is to be a [[bride]].<ref name="vol 10" /> Usagi loves [[wikipedia:rabbit]]s<ref>From the back of the Irwin boxes, may be dub-only</ref> as well as the colors [[white]] and [[pink]], and is apparently a member of the Manga Drawing Club at school,<ref name="act35">{{cite book |last= Takeuchi |first= Naoko | title= Bishoujo Senshi Sailor Moon Volume 12 |chapter= Act 34 |publisher= [[Kodansha]] |date= September 6, 1995 |isbn= 4-06-178814-0 }}</ref> though her skill level varies widely when shown in the anime.<ref>The other characters are unable to make out her drawing of Luna once in ''Stars'', but her drawings of Serenity and Endymion in ''R'' are clear enough (though childlike).</ref> She stands 150 centimeters (4&nbsp;ft 11 in) tall.<ref name="animeI">{{cite book |title= Bishoujo Senshi Sailor Moon album I |publisher= [[Kodansha]] |date= April 1993 |isbn= 4-06-177734-3}}, as noted in {{citeweb|url=http://www.rahul.net/arromdee/sm.faq.4|title=Ken Arromdee's Sailor Moon FAQ}}</ref>
  
  In the manga and anime, Mamoru gives Usagi the [[wikipedia:nickname|nickname]] "''[[wikipedia:Dango|Odango]]''" (a kind of rice dumpling), based on her distinctive hair-style. At first this is always accompanied with the suffix "''-atama''," meaning "head," but as time goes on it is left off. Usagi hates the name at first, but as they become close it develops into a sign of affection. Later in the series, other important male (or androgynous) figures in her life, [[Sailor Uranus|Haruka]] and [[Sailor Starlights|Seiya]], adopt the name as well. Because there is no North American equivalent to ''odango'', the English dub almost always uses "Meatball Head," once "Donut Head," and, somewhat incongruously,<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.smuncensored.com/comparison.php?episodeid=101 |title=Episode 101 |work= Sailor Moon Uncensored |accessdate= 2007-11-27 |last= Wheeler |first= Robert |coauthors= Bednarski, Dan; Wood, Tiffany }}</ref> "Moon Face." In the English manga, Mamoru calls Usagi "buns", which is both an approximation of ''odango'' and short for Bunny.
  
  ===Variations===
  Usagi often seems inconsistent from version to version within the series. In the manga, while she starts out as a crybaby, she quickly matures and learns to make decisions for herself.<ref>
  {{cite book |last= Takeuchi |first= Naoko | title= Bishoujo Senshi Sailor Moon Volume 1 |chapter= Act 1 |publisher= [[Kodansha]] |date= July 6, 1992, September 5, 1996 |isbn= 4-06-178721-7}}
  </ref><ref name="act52">
  {{cite book |last= Takeuchi |first= Naoko | title= Bishoujo Senshi Sailor Moon Volume 18 |chapter= Act 52 |publisher= [[Kodansha]] |date= April 4, 1997, December 10, 1998 |id= ISBN ISBN 4-06-178858-2 
  }} She makes a decision for the group to not stay as star forms; this contrasts where she would run away and cry at the beginning of the series.
  
  In the anime, Usagi never has to face the harsh decisions she makes in this last act, making her mature more thoroughly{{Citation needed|date=September 2009}} in the manga than the anime.
  </ref>
  The series often portrays Usagi as just lazy rather than lacking intelligence. This shows when she passes her high-school exams without trouble when threatened with being separated from her friends.<ref name="act35"/>
  
  The anime often portrays Usagi as more flaky and child-like. She often bickers with [[Chibi-usa]], begs Mamoru to buy her things and bickers with Rei very childishly, but shows just as much caring as her manga counterpart. She does evolve during the course of the series, but generally lacks the maturity of her manga counterpart except in the last few episodes of each story arc.<ref name="act52" />
  
  The dubbed version made Serena more of a ditz than Usagi, featuring for example lines such as "Hi, you look like da bomb in those kimonos",<ref>Episode 103</ref> which emulates stereotypical [[wikipedia:Valspeak|valley-girl usage]]. By contrast, in the following episode, Neo-Queen Serenity talks without this pseudo-valley girl dialect, showing this was intentional and inherent to the voice actress.<ref name=voicing>Serena was often made to whine and not control the modulation of her voice (compared to that of Neo Queen Serenity) rather than simply get louder. This can be compared best in the last few scenes of episode #125. Kotono Mitsuishi, Usagi's seiyuu, got louder, whereas the voice actresses for Serena get louder and then whined at the end.</ref>
  
  Usagi in the live-action series differs slightly from her manga and anime counterparts. She appears much more outgoing and extroverted, and seems to make friends very easily, which immediately puts her personality in conflict with her fellow Senshi, all of whom were loners to varying degrees. She rarely uses [[wikipedia:formal grammar|formal grammar]] with those of her age (though she does with adults), and refers to everyone as "[''given name'']-chan," which is very informal and a way of expressing closeness. She even teases Ami when Ami continues calling her "Tsukino-san," a formal way of speaking to classmates, saying that it is as if they are not friends.<ref>Pretty Guardian Sailor Moon, Act 5.</ref> Every time a new Senshi appears, Usagi immediately tries to make her a friend, even though almost all of them resist. However, through Usagi's influence, the other Senshi gradually begin to realize that they are stronger together than they are alone. Usagi also has a habit of forcing her interests on the people that she makes friends with. This is prominent in her relationship with Rei, when she tries time and time again to get her to sing.
  
  ==Aspects and forms==
  {| class="wikitable collapsible" border="1"  style="clear:both; float:right; width:25em; margin-left:1em; "
  |-
  |colspan="4" style="background:#FAF;text-align:center;"| '''First appearance'''
  |-
  !Form !! Manga !! Anime !! Live-action
  |-
  |Usagi Tsukino||''Act 1''||''Ep. 1''||''Act 1''
  |-
  |Sailor Moon||''Act 1''||''Ep. 1''||''Act 1''
  |-
  |Princess Serenity||''Act 9''||''Ep. 34''||''Act 25''
  |-
  |Princess Sailor Moon||align=center|''—''||align=center|''—''||''Act 36''
  |-
  |Neo-Queen Serenity||''Act 16''||''Ep. 68''||align=center|''—''
  |-
  |Super Sailor Moon||''Act 30''||''Ep. 111''||align=center|''—''
  |-
  |Eternal Sailor Moon||''Act 42''||''Ep. 167<!--In a vision-->''||align=center|''—''
  |}
  
  As a character with different incarnations, special powers, transformations and a long lifetime which (virtually) spans the ancient [[Silver Millennium]] era and the 30th century, Usagi gains multiple aspects and aliases such as Princess Serenity, Sailor Moon, Princess Sailor Moon, Super Sailor Moon, Eternal Sailor Moon, and Neo-Queen Serenity.
  
  ===Sailor Moon===
  The series frequently refers to Usagi's Senshi identity, "Sailor Moon", as the "Soldier of Love and Justice", and once as the "Soldier of Mystery".<ref>{{cite book |last= Takeuchi |first= Naoko | title= Bishoujo Senshi Sailor Moon Volume 7 |chapter= Act 23 |publisher= [[Kodansha]] |date= July 6, 1994 |isbn= 4-06-178781-0}}</ref> Her [[sailor fuku|uniform]], originally colored blue and red (or dark pink), with a [[crescent moon]] motif, gradually changes to incorporate more pink and yellow and adds a heart motif as well. She also wears red hairpieces and white [[barrettes]] resembling feathers, both of which can be used for minor attacks. Her personality is no different from when she is a civilian, although certain powers are unavailable to her in that form '''Super Sailor Moon''' add in [[wikipedia:Tatsunoko vs. Capcom: Cross of the Generation Heroes]], '''Eternal Sailor Moon''' also add in [[wikipedia:Tatsunoko vs. Capcom: Ultimate All Stars]] in home versions. 
  
  [[Image:WhiteMoon.PNG|75px|thumb|left|Symbol of the Moon Kingdom]]
  
  Sailor Moon's attack-names center around the moon, love, mystery and light. She starts out as a frightened, reluctant girl, and others often have to bail her out, but she gradually comes to accept her full identity. She eventually becomes the most powerful Senshi in the galaxy, but her capacity for caring about other people is frequently shown to be more powerful still.
  
  As she grows stronger, Sailor Moon gains additional powers, and at key points her appearance and title change to reflect this. The first change takes place during the third major story-arc — Act 30 of the manga and Episode 111 of the anime — when she obtains the [[Talismans (Sailor Moon)#Holy Grail|Holy Grail]] and becomes '''Super Sailor Moon'''.<ref>{{cite book |last= Takeuchi |first= Naoko | authorlink = Naoko Takeuchi | title= Bishoujo Senshi Sailor Moon Volume 09 |chapter= Act 30 |publisher= [[Kodansha]] |date= 1995 |isbn= 4-06-178835-3 }}</ref> Her uniform becomes more ornate (see top of page), and her powers are increased; at first she is unable to take this form without the Grail, and is weakened when its effects fade. Near the end of the S series, she takes this form using pure desperation and the powers of the other Senshi after the Grail has been destroyed. Later, in Act 34 (episode 128), [[List of minor Sailor Moon characters#Pegasus/Helios|Pegasus']] power enables her to transform without it.
  
  Sailor Moon receives her third form at the end of the fourth major story arc (in Act 41 of ''Dream'' in the manga, and Episode 168 of [[Sailor Stars]] in the anime). The combined power of the other members of the [[Sailor Senshi#Sailor Team|Sailor Team]] transforms her into '''Eternal Sailor Moon''', whom [[Diana (Sailor Moon)#Diana|Diana]] says is the closest in power to Neo-Queen Serenity.<ref>{{cite book |last= Takeuchi |first= Naoko | authorlink = Naoko Takeuchi | title= Bishoujo Senshi Sailor Moon Volume 15 |chapter= Act 41 |publisher= [[Kodansha]] |date= July 5, 1996 |isbn= 4-06-178835-3 }}</ref> Her uniform is even more radically altered—most significantly, two pairs of angelic wings adorn her back. They replace her standard back bow as they are attached only at the waist and are in the shape of a large bow.
  
  In the manga, Eternal Sailor Moon uses the Silver Moon Crystal (an evolved form of the [[Silver Crystal]]) to carry out her attacks. In the Sailor Stars anime it's less clear whether the crystal she is using is still called the Silver Crystal. The names of the attacks are congruent with the manga, which uses the name of the new crystal, but the crystal is not clearly given a new name.
  
  ===Princess Serenity===
  [[Image:PrincessSerenity.jpg|thumb|Princess Serenity as seen in the manga. Unlike in the anime, Serenity is almost always pictured with silver hair.]]
  
  {{nihongo|'''Princess Serenity'''|プリンセス・セレニティ|Purinsesu Sereniti}} lived in the Moon Kingdom during the age of the [[Silver Millennium]] as the daughter of [[Silver Millennium#Queen Serenity|Queen Serenity]], who ruled the Silver Millennium and watched over the Earth. Princess Serenity's guardians and closest friends were [[Sailor Mercury]], [[Sailor Mars]], [[Sailor Jupiter]], and [[Sailor Venus]], who were princesses of their own respective planets, but lived on the moon with her at times.
  
  Princess Serenity often explored Earth to see real greenery, even though forbidden to do so.<ref> manga Act 10</ref> On one of her visits, she met the crown prince of the Earth, [[Tuxedo Mask#Prince Endymion|Endymion]], and they fell in love. 
  
  During the attack which caused the Moon Kingdom's downfall, Prince Endymion died protecting Serenity. In the manga, she committed suicide out of grief, while in the anime Queen Metaria killed both of them. Serenity's mother, the Queen, was able to seal away the evil which had inspired the attack, but everyone involved was killed. Before her own death, the Queen used the [[Silver Crystal]] to give her daughter and others another chance at life, hoping in particular that, this time, Serenity and Endymion could find happiness together.  In the live-action series, it was Princess Serenity herself who destroyed the Moon Kingdom, after Endymion was killed during the war to keep the two apart.
  
  Eventually, Serenity reincarnates as Usagi Tsukino in the 20th century. Usagi occasionally takes the form of Princess Serenity during the metaseries, often at climactic moments when more strength is needed than Sailor Moon can access. Usagi discovers her identity as a princess in Act 9 of the manga, Episode 34 of the anime, and Act 25 of the [[Live action|live-action]] series.
  
  In the manga, while Takeuchi draws Usagi herself with white, yellow, and even pink hair, Serenity almost always has white hair. In the anime, both characters are always blonde. In the live-action series, she has black hair, just like Usagi, and it is worn straight rather than in pigtails. This emphasizes the ambiguity of her identity before it is revealed that she is Usagi.
  
  At climactic moments, Usagi as Serenity sometimes gains a pair of functioning angelic wings. She does this during the final battles of ''SuperS'', to save Chibi-usa when the two of them encounter Pegasus  and ''Sailor Stars'', during the fight with the fully-possessed Galaxia when she grabs the Sword of Sealing. It is unclear if this power comes from her past life, is Usagi's own power, or came from Pegasus and the Sword of Sealing. 
  
  The first two series dubbed by [[DiC]] refer to Princess Serenity as '''Princess Serena''' (although the original name is used at least once, to emphasize the similarity between Princess and Neo-Queen Serenity).<ref>Dub Episode 76, original numbering 83.</ref> In the last two series, dubbed by Cloverway, the name Serenity is used.
  
  ====Princess Sailor Moon====
  [[Image:Princesssailormoon.jpg|thumb|right|Princess Sailor Moon's uniform is considerably more elaborate than Sailor Moon's.]]
  Unique to the live-action series, Princess Sailor Moon is a powerful combination of Sailor Moon and Princess Serenity, introduced when Usagi is "possessed" by the spirit of her former self. She originally appears after Queen Beryl takes the ''[[Shitennou (Sailor Moon)|Shitennou]]'' hostage in exchange for Mamoru. Silently furious, Sailor Moon transforms into Princess Sailor Moon and halts Queen Beryl using her sword.
  
  It is obvious that Princess Sailor Moon is not the same as Usagi when she shows no remorse for the fate of the ''Shitennou'' (at least Nephrite's fate), and when she refers to Mamoru as "Endymion" rather than using his civilian name. She is also constantly angry, and tends to leave flaming carnage in her wake. In one Act, Usagi's friend Naru accidentally gets too close and winds up in the hospital for a while. Though smiling in most promotional material for the series, Princess Sailor Moon does not smile in the series itself until the very end.
  
  Princess Sailor Moon states to Usagi during inner dialogue that she has no qualms about destroying the Earth if Endymion is ever taken from her, and later on even summons her own special minions to fight her friends, all bearing moon-shaped signs similar to hers. Usagi struggles to suppress her power in fear that she would eventually destroy the world, something that comes to light in an ''[[Ideon]]''-like fashion for the series finale. Her internal conflict is the major conflict for the rest of the series.
  
  Princess Sailor Moon has a sword, which also doubles as a harp with invisible strings. She plays this in sorrow while thinking of her lost prince, and is capable of using it to heal people and the land. Other than this, the exact effect of playing the harp is unclear, but much of the time it causes the power of her Silver Crystal to feed the power of [[Dark Kingdom#Queen Metaria|Queen Metaria]], accelerating the devastation of the planet. Using the sword in its capacity as a weapon, Princess Sailor Moon can deflect enemy attacks and can unleash devastating projectile attacks. She also has the ability to levitate, and to teleport. <!--Act 38-->
  
  Like other characters unique to the live-action series, Princess Sailor Moon's outfit was designed by [[Naoko Takeuchi]] herself. Her sailor outfit was considerably more elaborate than Sailor Moon's, and included pearls on her gloves and lace on her skirt.<ref>{{cite book |last= Takeuchi |first= Naoko | title= Bishoujo Senshi Sailor Moon shinsouban Story Collection Volume 1 |publisher= [[Kodansha]] |date= August 23, 2004 |id= ISBN }}</ref>
  
  ===Neo-Queen Serenity===
  
  During the second major [[story arc]], it is revealed that Usagi, as Serenity, will eventually become the [[queen regnant]] of a new Silver Millennium called Crystal Tokyo, which will already exist in the 30th century. She is first seen in this future form in Act 16 of the manga and Episode 68 of the anime. Usagi learns that she will be given the title "Sovereign of Earth," and Mamoru will become King Endymion alongside her. It is stated in the anime that she becomes Neo-Queen Serenity after warding off a second Ice Age, though the specifics of this are never discussed. This incarnation is shown to be more mature than the present day Usagi, though she still has her moments—in Episode 104, Chibi-usa gives the Senshi a letter from the future, in which the Queen asks them to train her—the letter is simplistic and contains almost no [[kanji]]. Also, in Episode 146, Diana says that the King and Queen sometimes play sick to get out of things. Letters she sends though the Door of Space-Time to Chibi-usa are sometimes signed with a drawing of herself (and sometimes King Endymion) instead of a name.
  
  According to [[Cats (Sailor Moon)|Diana]], Neo-Queen Serenity is Usagi's most powerful form; Eternal Sailor Moon is second in power only to the Queen. However, in the manga, Neo-Queen Serenity addresses the present-day [[Sailor Senshi#Guardian Senshi|Guardian Senshi]], stating that after she became queen, she lost her power as a Senshi. Although this could also be translated as that she is no longer able to transform into Sailor Moon, for she does still demonstrate a considerable amount of power (eg: reviving the citizens of 30th Century Tokyo with the Spiral Heart Moon Rod and bestowing the Senshi with "Planet Powers" and her own past self with new "Cosmic Powers"). Furthermore, in the second arc of the anime she does not transform into Sailor Moon despite the fact that the other Senshi have already transformed, and that her kingdom was under attack. However, she is still seen showing great powers in a flashback where King Endymion of the future describes to the present day Senshi and Tuxedo Mask the great feats of Neo-Queen Serenity during the time she brought about peace. Sailors Uranus, Neptune, and Pluto refer to her as the "Messiah of Peace" or the "True Messiah" standing opposite the Messiah of Silence, [[Mistress 9]]. <ref>Episode 126</ref>
  
  She wears an altered version of the dress she wore as a princess, with the shoulder pieces omitted and a large, wing-shaped bow replacing the smaller one of the princess outfit. In the manga, Neo-Queen Serenity's dress is similar to her past form's outfit. She also wears a crown and new earrings. The crescent moon is always visible on her forehead, just as it was with her princess form. Her face and facial expressions are drawn to look more mature than the 20th century Usagi, but her iconic hairstyle is retained.
  
  In the original anime and manga series, this form is the one that Chibi-usa considers as truly being her mother, while Usagi of the past is regarded as more of a big-sister figure, and many characters often mistake them for sisters. In the English-dubbed anime, however, "Rini" frequently refers to "Serena" in her civilian or Senshi forms as "Mama". Although aware of the situation, Chibi-usa rarely does this.<ref>Sailor Stars 172 Chibi-Usa to Nehellenia: "Believe in Usagi, my Mama..."</ref>
  
  ==Special powers and items==
   
  [[Image:Sailor Moon (1st uniform).png|right|thumbnail|Sailor Moon's pre-battle taunt pose, an iconic symbol throughout the series: "In the name of the moon, I will punish you!"]]
  
  Usagi is not shown using any special powers in her civilian form. She must first [[henshin|transform]] into a Sailor Senshi by wearing a special device (usually a brooch) and shouting a special command, which activates the device. Her original transformation command is "Moon Prism Power, Make-up!"<ref>First used in the first episode of every series. In the English versions, Usagi does not say 'Make up' when transforming, although it is sometimes replaced with "Transform!".</ref> She gains a new basic transformation sequence for each of the five major story arcs. In her basic form, the command changes as she becomes more powerful and obtains new transformation devices, evoking "Moon Crystal Power" and later "Moon Cosmic Power".<ref>''Moon Crystal Power'' for the second story arc, starting in Act 13 of the manga and Episode 51 of the anime and using the Crystal Star Compact. In three episodes of the English version, ''Moon Star Power'' was used instead. ''Moon Cosmic Power'' for the third story arc, starting in Act 24 of the manga and Episode 91 of the anime and using the Cosmic Heart Compact.</ref> A transformation into Super Sailor Moon initially requires her to already be in Senshi form and to use an additional item (called the [[Talisman (Sailor Moon)|Holy Chalice/Rainbow Moon Cálice]])<ref>[http://www.bobagirl.com/anime/sailormoon/wands.html In the anime and on toy boxes it's called the Rainbow Moon Cálice, however the manga name is different. It's often confused with the Holy Moon Cálice.]</ref> as well as the command "Crisis, make-up!", but in the anime this saps her strength.<ref>First seen in Act 30 of the manga and Episode 112 of the anime. In the English anime, she says ''Moon Crisis Power!'' or ''Moon Crisis Power Transform!''</ref> For the fourth story arc she gains the ability to transform directly into Super Sailor Moon via ''Moon Crisis'',<ref>Manga Act 34, anime Episode 130, using the Crisis Moon Compact. In the anime, she always transforms in conjunction with Sailor Chibi Moon. The English dub uses the command ''Moon Cosmic Dream Action'' or, in the SuperS movie, ''Super Moon Crisis Power''.</ref> and in the fifth arc becomes Eternal Sailor Moon with ''Silver Moon Crystal Power'' in the manga, or ''Moon Eternal'' in the anime (and once in the manga).<ref>Act 42 and Episode 168, respectively. Requires an unnamed object in the manga and the Holy Moon Cálice in the anime.</ref>
  Most of Sailor Moon's anime transformations involve the use of shiny red or pink ribbons which come out of her brooch and form her uniform. Feathers and wings also figure prominently in some sequences, particularly the transformation into Eternal Sailor Moon. When her detransformation is shown, ribbons reappear and unravel from around her body and go back into the brooch.<ref>Episode 90.</ref> Usually the clothes she was wearing before she transformed reappear, but if her detransformation is forced, she may be left naked with the ribbons hanging loose around her body.<ref>Episode 200.</ref> She also has the Disguise Pen, which allows her to take on a human disguise by saying "Moon Power!"<ref>The phrase "ni nare!" is added in the anime, and the whole thing is called "Disguise Power" in the English dub.</ref> This is used very frequently in the first story arc, but is only mentioned once during the third arc.
  
  As the protagonist and leader, Sailor Moon has the most special powers of any character in the series. Her physical attacks, usually one-offs and not always successful, include ''Sailor Moon Kick''<ref>Manga Act 2, anime Episode 17. She also uses ''Double Sailor Moon Kick'' with Sailor Chibi Moon in Episode 107.</ref> and ''Sailor Body Attack'',<ref>Episode 61.</ref> as well as the occasional use of her hair pins as projectile weapons.<ref>{{cite book |last= Takeuchi |first= Naoko | title= Bishoujo Senshi Sailor Moon Volume 1 |chapter= Act 2 |publisher= [[Kodansha]] |date= July 6, 1992, September 5, 1996 |isbn= 4-06-178721-7}}She uses these once as an attack against the Youma that is throwing paper as a defense.</ref><ref>{{cite web | last = Takeuchi | first = Naoko | authorlink = Naoko Takeuchi | coauthors = Bandai | title = Pretty Guardian Sailormoon homepage | date = 1996-07-08 | url = http://sailormoon.channel.or.jp/ | accessdate = 2007-07-04}} It was listed as an attack on the Moon Prism Box</ref> In her very first battle, she cries in terror and the red hair pieces on her [[odango]] amplify the sound waves, doing damage to the enemy.<ref>In the manga, this is noted as {{nihongo|''Chou Onpa''|超音波|chō onpa|super sound waves}} and is used again in Episode 153, this time in tandem with Sailor Chibi Moon.</ref> Her odango ornaments can also be used to hear faraway sounds, although this is rarely ever used.
  
  General magic attacks are her most common type of power. In each adaptation of the series she can remove her tiara and turn it into a throwing weapon, which is her first major attack and which she continues to use on occasion far into the anime series.<ref>This attack has numerous names. It is called ''Moon Frisbee'' in the original release of the manga, but is renamed to ''Moon Tiara Boomerang'' in the rerelease in order to match the name used in the live-action series. It is ''Moon Tiara Action'' in the original anime and ''Moon Tiara Magic'' in English, except for one instance when the dub calls it ''Moon Tiara Vaporize''. In Episode 184, she uses a pizza for this attack, presumably because she does not have a tiara as Eternal Sailor Moon. As the series progresses it is used less as an attack and more as a tool.</ref> In the anime she demonstrates the ability to control the path of her Tiara,<ref>Episode 3</ref> and once, to enlarge it and then shrink it around the enemy, ensnaring them.<ref>Episode 10</ref> In the manga, a powered-up tiara enables her to attack with ''Moon Twilight Flash'' while in the live-action series this move requires an item called the Moon Stick and is her primary attack,<ref>First appears in Acts 2 and 4 of the manga respectively.</ref> though she also sometimes uses unnamed beam attacks.<ref>Such as in Acts 16 and 33.</ref> In the manga and anime she only uses the Moon Stick to perform ''Moon Healing Escalation'' and return possessed humans to their normal selves;<ref>This item appears in manga Act 5 and is used first in Act 7; it appears and is used in anime Episode 25. In the English anime, the item is called the Crescent Moon Wand, and the attack is ''Moon Healing Activation'', or on rare occasions ''Cosmic Moon Power''.</ref> Luna says in the anime that this item belongs to the leader of the Sailor Senshi. In the anime, she once uses her tiara to purify a group of possessed people,<ref>''Moon Tiara Stardust'', used only in Episode 5, which was never dubbed into English.</ref> and in the live-action series she can heal others without any incantation.<ref>Act 16 with the Moon Stick, Act 18 without.</ref>
  
  One cannot always distinguish between healing or purifying powers and attacks, as the [[youma|monsters of the day]] in the series are usually created by corruption of an object or person. Sailor Moon has one or two primary attacks per story arc, most of which require a unique rod or wand, and in the original anime, each of them causes the target monster to shout a phrase and revert back to what it was made from (or to dust). These primary attacks are: the first series' ''Moon Healing Escalation'',<ref>Uses the Moon Stick. Monsters yell "Refresh!"</ref> the second series' ''Moon Princess Halation'',<ref>Uses the Moon Rod {{cite web | last = Takeuchi | first = Naoko | authorlink = Naoko Takeuchi | coauthors = Bandai | title = Pretty Guardian Sailormoon homepage | date = 1996-07-08 | url = http://sailormoon.channel.or.jp/ | accessdate = 2006-10-28}} official name given on website and on bandai toyboxes, which in the manga is created by the love of Princess Serenity and Prince Endymion, and in the anime is given to Sailor Moon by Queen Serenity. Monsters shout "Cleansing!" In the English anime it is called ''Moon Scepter Elimination'', ''Moon Scepter Activation'', or ''Moon Princess Elimination''. In the manga she once uses this as a double attack with Sailor Chibi Moon. First appears in Act 14 and Episode 51.</ref> the third series' ''Moon Spiral Heart Attack''<ref>Uses the Spiral Heart Moon Rod, which in the manga is given to Sailor Moon by Neo-Queen Serenity, and in the anime is created by the love of Princess Serenity and Prince Endymion. Monsters shout "Lovely!" First appears in Act 25 and Episode 91.</ref> and ''Rainbow Moon Heart Ache'',<ref>An upgraded attack used by Super Sailor Moon. Monsters shout, "Love-lovely!" In the English [[Sailor Moon S: The Movie|S movie]], it is called ''Rainbow Moon Heartache Reform''. First appears in Act 30 and Episode 112.</ref> the fourth series' ''Moon Gorgeous Meditation'',<ref>Uses the Moon Kaleidoscope, which in the manga is bought by Mamoru and upgraded by Pegasus, and in the anime comes directly from Pegasus. In the manga and the [[Sailor Moon Supers: The Movie|SuperS movie]] it is a combined attack with Sailor Chibi Moon. Monsters shout "Stage out!" In the English version, it is once called ''Moon Super Moon Target'' and once ''Super Moon Target''. First appears in Act 34 and Episode 128.</ref> and the fifth series' ''Starlight Honeymoon Therapy Kiss'' and ''Silver Moon Crystal Power Kiss''.<ref>[http://www.sailormoontoys.com/starschalice.jpg In the anime, the Holy Moon Cálice is added to the Eternal Tiaru (official romanization) (rather than being Eternal Sailor Moon's transformation device) and upgrades it to the Final Tiaru (Unofficial name), used for this attack. Monsters still shout "Beautiful!" First appears in Episode 187. Does not appear in the manga, but ''Silver Moon Crystal Power Therapy Kiss'' is used to defeat the zombified Sailor Senshi in Act 50.]</ref>
  
  A handful of powers come up only once and in critical situations; often the common repeating powers in the anime are only one-offs in the manga. In the anime, Sailor Moon uses her transformation command when battling [[Dark Kingdom#Queen Metaria|Queen Metaria]]<ref>Episode 46, the command being ''Moon Prism Power''. In the English dub, she says ''Cosmic Moon Power''.</ref> and when turning the [[Black Moon Clan#Ayakashi Sisters|Ayakashi Sisters]] into normal women.<ref>Starring in Episode 70, the command being ''Moon Crystal Power''. The Sisters say "Refresh!" in a pleasant tone when being healed. In the English dub this is called ''Moon Crystal Healing Activation'' and ''Moon Crystal Healing Power''.</ref> She says ''Moon Cosmic Power'' when struggling to destroy [[Death Busters#Master Pharaoh 90|Pharaoh 90]],<ref>Episode 125.</ref> and at the end of the series uses ''Silver Moon Crystal Eternal Power'' to fight [[Chaos (Sailor Moon)|Chaos]].<ref>In the anime, the word ''Eternal'' is omitted and this attack is unsuccessful. Appears in Act 52 and Episode 200.</ref>
  
  Sailor Moon can be temporarily powered-up by the other Sailor Senshi lending her their powers, as shown in the climax of the [[Sailor Moon R movie]] and multiple times throughout the series. She also often attacks in tandem with her future daughter, Sailor Chibi Moon,<ref>This is most often seen in the SuperS series, in which Sailor Chibi Moon has returned to the past to train as a Sailor Senshi.</ref> and, at critical moments, receives power from individuals such as [[Luna]], [[Silver Millennium#Queen Serenity|Queen Serenity]], her [[#Neo-Queen Serenity|future self]], Mamoru, [[ChibiChibi]], and others.
  
  By far, Sailor Moon's most important item is the [[Imperium Silver Crystal|Silver Crystal]], which is the "holy stone" of the [[Silver Millennium]].<ref>{{cite book |last= Takeuchi |first= Naoko | title= Bishoujo Senshi Sailor Moon Volume 3 |chapter= Act 10 |publisher= [[Kodansha]] |date= April 6, 1993 |isbn= 4-06-178744-6}}</ref> It figures significantly in the first, second, and fifth story arcs, as it is the proof of her identity as the Princess and the source of her power. It eventually evolves into the [[Sailor Crystal|Silver Moon Crystal]].
  
  ==Development==
  In the initial proposal for the ''Sailor Moon'' series, each of the five heroines had a completely unique outfit. Eventually it was determined that they would wear uniforms based around a single theme, and Sailor Moon's costume concept was the closest to that which would eventually be used for all the girls. The original did have some small differences, including color changes, an exposed midriff, and ribbons around the gloves and boots. She also had a mask, which would appear in a few chapters of the manga itself before being discarded.<ref>{{cite book |last= Takeuchi |first= Naoko | title= Bishoujo Senshi Sailor Moon Volume 2 |publisher= [[Kodansha]] |date= September 6, 1992, April 6, 1996 |isbn= 4-06-178731-4}}</ref> These aspects of Sailor Moon's costume are shown in multiple pieces of early artwork, along with a gun and cloak, which were also parts of the original concept.<ref name="devel">{{cite web | last = Takeuchi | first = Naoko | authorlink =Naoko Takeuchi | title = Manga Style - Early Designs | url = http://mangastyle.net/manga_prototypes.htm | accessdate = 2007-02-16 }} (translated by Michelle Bacon of Manga Style) </ref>
  
  Usagi's signature hairstyle derives from a "good luck charm" of the artist's; in college, Takeuchi would put her own hair up in odango before difficult classes or exams.<ref>{{cite book |last= Takeuchi |first= Naoko |authorlink=Naoko Takeuchi | title= Bishoujo Senshi Sailor Moon Shinsouban Volume 3 |publisher= [[Kodansha]] |date= October 23, 2003 |isbn= 4-06-334783-4 }}</ref> In the initial sketches, Sailor Moon had pink hair. By the intermediate stages of development, Takeuchi planned to have the character's hair be blonde in civilian form and change to silver when she transformed, but she was told by her editor that silver hair would be too plain for cover art.<ref name="devel"/> Nevertheless, stylistic use of differently-colored hair does sometimes appear in later artwork, and the concept of the heroines' hair changing color when transformed is used in ''[[Pretty Guardian Sailor Moon]]''.
  
  Of all the Sailor Senshi, Usagi's personality is closest to Takeuchi's own personality at the time ''Sailor Moon'' was created.<ref>{{cite magazine|url=http://www.sailor-games.com/misc2/interview.html |title=Interview of Naoko Takeuchi at the San Diego Comic-con |publisher=Smile |date=December 1998 |accessdate=2008-11-24}}</ref>
  
  Certain background details of Usagi's character were chosen symbolically&mdash;for instance, her Western astrological sign is given as [[wikipedia:Cancer (astrology)|Cancer]],<ref name="vol 10"/> which in [[wikipedia:astrology]] corresponds to the moon. In reference to a popular [[Japanese blood type theory of personality|Japanese belief]], her [[wikipedia:blood type]] is given as O,<ref name="vol 10"/> supposedly indicating friendliness, optimism, and carelessness.
  
  The [[kanji]] of Usagi's surname translate as {{nihongo|"moon"|月|tsuki}} and {{nihongo|"field"|野|no}}. Her given name is in [[hiragana]] {{nihongo||うさぎ|usagi}} and so its meaning is not inherent, but the word itself means "rabbit" and this is used as a pun frequently throughout the series, even in [[bun (hairstyle)|her hairstyle]] and possessions. Her entire name is structured as a [[pun]], as the syllable "no" indicates a [[possessive]], so that her name can also be understood as "Rabbit of the Moon." This derives from a [[Japanese folklore|Japanese folktale]] about the [[moon rabbit|rabbit]] that is said to be visible in the [[Moon]]'s face, much like the Western [[Man in the Moon]].<ref>{{cite book |last=Drazen |first=Patrick |title=Anime Explosion! The What? Why? & Wow! of Japanese Animation |year=2002 | month=October |publisher=Stone Bridge Press |location=[[Berkeley, California]] |isbn=1-880656-72-8 |oclc=50898281 |pages=286}}</ref> The English-language manga gives her the nickname Bunny to partially preserve this pun; many other localizations use the name Bunny as well. "Usagi" is not a common given name in Japan.<ref name="Grigsby">Grigsby, Mary (1998). "''Sailormoon'': ''Manga (Comics)'' and ''Anime (Cartoon)'' Superheroine Meets Barbie: Global Entertainment Commodity Comes to the United States" ''The Journal of Popular Culture'' '''32''' (1) 59–80 {{doi|10.1111/j.0022-3840.1998.3201_59.x}}</ref>
  
  Similarly for the dubbed anime, "Serena" is probably at least in part a play on the word [[Selene]], a [[Lunar deity|moon goddess]] in [[Greek mythology]] who fell in love with a shepherd named [[Endymion (mythology)|Endymion]]. It also derives from the name of the series' moon princess, which is alternately either "Selenity" (from [[Selene]]) or "Serenity" (from the [[Sea of Serenity]] on the moon), both of which would be rendered in Japanese as {{IPA-ja|seɽeneti|}}. In an early [[DiC]] promotional tape that advertised Sailor Moon to [[Television channel|television stations]], Usagi was called Victoria.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.toonamiarsenal.com/download/sailormoon.php |title= Toonnami Digital Arsenal |accessdate= 2006-11-02 |author= Tyler L. |coauthors= Zogg }}</ref> Another preliminary name that appeared on Kodansha's English website in an advertisement for the series was Celeste.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.rahul.net/arromdee/sm.faq.2 |title= Sailor Moon FAQ |accessdate= 2007-04-14 |last= Arromdee |first= Ken }}</ref>
  
  ==Reception==
  {{Expand section|date=October 2008}}
  Sheila Rose Browning describes Sailor Moon as "one of the most popular and well-known manga characters in Japan."<ref>Browning, Sheila Rose.; Takeuchi, Naoko (2004) Pretty little girl warriors : a study of images of femininity in Japanese Sailor Moon comics Dissertation: Thesis (M.A.)--University of Missouri-Columbia. page 2</ref>
  
  ==Actresses==
  In the Japanese animated version, Usagi is [[wikipedia:seiyū|voiced by]] [[wikipedia:Kotono Mitsuishi]] with a higher voice than Mitsuishi's natural voice. During the recording of the early episodes, Mitsuishi had to mentally prepare herself to play Usagi.<ref>{{cite episode |title=Sailor Moon Omake Making Of |series=Sailor Moon |network=Toei |city=Tokyo |airdate=~05.08.1993 |season=2}}</ref> While Mitsuishi had her [[vermiform appendix|appendix]] removed (episodes 44–50), [[Kae Araki]] played her character.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.tcp.com/doi/smoon/ |title= Bishoujo Senshi Sailor Moon |accessdate= 2006-11-02 |last= Doi |first= Hitoshi }}</ref>
  
  In the English dubbed version, Serena is played by [[Tracey Moore]] (episodes 1–11, 15 and 21), [[Terri Hawkes]] (episodes 12-14, 16–20, 22–82, and movies) and [[Linda Ballantyne]] (episodes 90–166). [[Jennifer Cihi]] provides the English vocals for Serena's songs in the series.
  
  In the [[Sailor Moon musicals|stage musicals]], Usagi has been played by four actresses: [[Anza Ōyama]], [[Fumina Hara]], [[Miyuki Kanbe]] who played the character with a "cute and high voice",<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.animefringe.com/magazine/00.04/reviews/4/index.php3|title=Bishoujo Senshi SailorMoon ~ Shin / Henshin . SuperSenshi he no Michi . Last Dorakuru Jyokoku |last=Kou|first=Diana|date=April 2000|publisher=Animefringe|accessdate=2009-07-21}}</ref> and [[Marina Kuroki]]. The numerous musicals are frequently grouped into "stages" according to which of these actresses was currently playing Sailor Moon.
  
  In ''[[Pretty Guardian Sailor Moon]]'', Usagi is played by [[Miyū Sawai]],<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.shingetsu-pgsm.net/ |title= Shingetsu |accessdate= 2006-10-31 |author= Nae |coauthors= wasurenagusa; Hui, Andrea }}</ref> who also plays Queen Serenity in the Special Act.
  
  Comedian [[wikipedia:Samantha Bee]] played Sailor Moon in a live-action production at the [[wikipedia:Canadian National Exhibition]].<ref>{{cite news 
    | last =Wyatt
    | first =Nelson
    | title =Daily Show's Bee helps keep Canada in the 'news': However, correspondent doesn't hide her past as Sailor Moon at the CNE
    | work =[[wikipedia:Edmonton Journal]]
    | publisher =The Canadian Press
    | date = 22 July, 2005 }}</ref>
  {{clear}}
  
  == References ==
  <references/>
  [[Category:cool]]
diff.text: The series frequently refers to Usagi's Senshi identity, "Sailor Moon", as the "Soldier of Love and Justice", and once as the "Soldier of Mystery".<ref>{{cite book |last= Takeuchi |first= Naoko | title= Bishoujo Senshi Sailor Moon Volume 7 |chapter= Act 23 |publisher= [[Kodansha]] |date= July 6, 1994 |isbn= 4-06-178781-0}}</ref> Her [[sailor fuku|uniform]], originally colored blue and red (or dark pink), with a [[crescent moon]] motif, gradually changes to incorporate more pink and yellow and adds a heart motif as well. She also wears red hairpieces and white [[barrettes]] resembling feathers, both of which can be used for minor attacks. Her personality is no different from when she is a civilian, although certain powers are unavailable to her in that form '''Super Sailor Moon''' add in [[wikipedia:Tatsunoko vs. Capcom: Cross of the Generation Heroes]], '''Eternal Sailor Moon''' also add in [[wikipedia:Tatsunoko vs. Capcom: Ultimate All Stars]] in home versions.. 